How to Choose the Right Wood for Furniture in Nigeria

Choosing the right wood for furniture in Nigeria is crucial for durability, aesthetics, and cost-effectiveness.

The type of wood you select determines how well your furniture will withstand the Nigerian climate, which includes high humidity and varying temperatures.

Additionally, wood quality affects the longevity and maintenance requirements of your furniture.

Nigeria offers a variety of wood types, ranging from local hardwoods like Iroko and Mahogany to imported options.

Understanding the properties of different woods and how they suit specific furniture needs will help you make informed choices.

In this guide, we will explore various wood types, factors to consider when selecting wood, the best options for different furniture types, wood treatment and maintenance, and where to buy quality wood in Nigeria.

Understanding Different Types of Wood

Hardwood vs. Softwood

Wood is generally classified into two categories: hardwood and softwood.

Hardwood: Derived from deciduous trees, hardwood is denser and more durable, making it ideal for long-lasting furniture. Examples include Mahogany, Iroko, and Teak.
Softwood: Comes from coniferous trees, and while it is easier to work with, it is generally less durable than hardwood. Examples include Pine and Cedar.

For furniture-making in Nigeria, hardwood is often preferred due to its strength and ability to resist termites and harsh weather conditions.

Common Wood Types in Nigeria

1. Mahogany

Known for its reddish-brown color and smooth grain.
Highly durable and resistant to pests.
Ideal for high-end furniture like cabinets, tables, and chairs.
Expensive but worth the investment for long-term use.

2. Iroko

Often referred to as “African teak” due to its durability.
Resistant to rot and termites.
Great for both indoor and outdoor furniture.
Slightly cheaper than Mahogany but equally durable.

3. Teak

Renowned for its water resistance and durability.
Used for both indoor and outdoor furniture.
High resistance to decay and termites.
Expensive but excellent for high-end furniture.

4. Afara (African Maple)

Lighter in color and weight compared to Iroko and Mahogany.
Suitable for paneling and furniture requiring a smooth finish.
Less expensive than Iroko and Mahogany.

5. Obeche

Light and easy to work with.
Affordable but less durable.
Commonly used for making less expensive furniture.

Factors to Consider When Choosing Wood

1. Durability

If you need long-lasting furniture, opt for hardwoods like Iroko and Mahogany.
For furniture that doesn’t face heavy use, Afara and Obeche can be considered.

2. Aesthetic Appeal

Mahogany has a deep, rich color that adds elegance.
Iroko has a golden-brown hue, making it suitable for modern designs.
Afara is lighter in tone, ideal for contemporary furniture styles.

3. Cost

Mahogany and Teak are premium-priced due to their durability.
Iroko offers a balance between cost and durability.
Obeche and Afara are budget-friendly choices.

4. Availability

Locally sourced woods like Iroko, Afara, and Obeche are more affordable and accessible.
Imported woods may be expensive due to transportation costs.

Best Woods for Different Furniture Types

Living Room Furniture (Sofas, Tables, Cabinets)

Recommended Wood: Mahogany, Iroko, Teak
Why? These woods are strong, resistant to scratches, and visually appealing.

Bedroom Furniture (Beds, Wardrobes, Dressers)

Recommended Wood: Iroko, Afara, Obeche
Why? Iroko is durable, while Afara and Obeche are lighter and good for designs that require smooth finishes.

Outdoor Furniture (Patio, Garden Sets)

Recommended Wood: Teak, Iroko
Why? These woods can withstand Nigeria’s tropical climate, resisting moisture and termites.

Wood Treatment and Maintenance

1. Preventing Termites and Wood Rot

Use termite-resistant wood like Iroko and Teak.
Apply wood preservatives like borate-based solutions.
Keep furniture away from damp areas to prevent mold growth.

2. Varnishing and Polishing for Durability

Use varnish to protect wood from moisture and enhance its appearance.
Regular polishing helps maintain a smooth finish.

3. Proper Cleaning Techniques

Use a damp cloth for dusting; avoid excess water.
Apply wood polish occasionally to maintain shine.
Avoid harsh chemicals that can damage the wood surface.

Where to Buy Quality Wood for Furniture in Nigeria

1. Popular Wood Markets

Oko-Oba Saw Mill Market, Lagos – One of the largest wood markets in Nigeria.
Mushin Timber Market, Lagos – Offers a variety of local and imported woods.
Aba Timber Market, Abia State – Well-known for high-quality wood and affordable pricing.
Sapele Timber Market, Delta State – Best place to source Sapele wood and other hardwoods.

2. How to Verify Wood Quality Before Purchase

Check for cracks and warping – Avoid wood with visible defects.
Ask about seasoning – Well-seasoned wood has lower moisture content and is less likely to shrink or crack.
Test hardness – Press your fingernail into the wood; if it leaves a mark, it may be too soft.

Conclusion

Choosing the right wood for furniture in Nigeria requires careful consideration of durability, aesthetics, cost, and availability.

Hardwoods like Mahogany, Iroko, and Teak are excellent for long-lasting furniture, while more affordable options like Afara and Obeche can be used for lighter-duty furniture.

Additionally, proper wood treatment and maintenance ensure the longevity of your furniture, protecting it from pests and environmental damage.

By sourcing wood from reputable markets and verifying quality before purchase, you can ensure that your furniture remains durable and visually appealing for years to come.

Whether you’re furnishing your home or starting a furniture business, selecting the right wood is a crucial step in achieving quality and satisfaction.